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location:
western africa. bordering the north atlantic ocean and senegal
geographic coordinates:
13 28 n. 16 34 w
map references:
africa
area:
total: 11.300 sq km land: 10.000 sq km water: 1.300 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly less than twice the size of delaware
land boundaries:
total: 740 km border countries: senegal 740 km
coastline:
80 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 18 nm continental shelf: not specified exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
climate:
tropical; hot. rainy season (june to november); cooler. dry season (november to may)
terrain:
flood plain of the gambia river flanked by some low hills
elevation extremes:
lowest point: atlantic ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 53 m
natural resources:
fish. titanium (rutile and ilmenite). tin. zircon. silica sand. clay. petroleum
land use:
arable land: 25% permanent crops: 0.5% other: 74.5% (2001)
irrigated land:
20 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
drought (rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last 30 years)
environment - current issues:
deforestation; desertification; water-borne diseases prevalent
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. ship pollution. wetlands signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
almost an enclave of senegal; smallest country on the continent of africa
population:
1.593.256 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 44.5% (male 356.079/female 352.894) 15-64 years: 52.8% (male 416.809/female 424.429) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 22.111/female 20.934) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 17.59 years male: 17.45 years female: 17.74 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
2.93% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
39.86 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
11.81 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
1.27 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.06 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 72.02 deaths/1.000 live births male: 78.6 deaths/1.000 live births female: 65.24 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 53.75 years male: 51.91 years female: 55.64 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
5.38 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
1.2% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
6.800 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
600 (2003 est.)
major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea. hepatitis a. and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever. malaria. crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever. yellow fever are high risks in some locations water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)
nationality:
noun: gambian(s) adjective: gambian
ethnic groups:
african 99% (mandinka 42%. fula 18%. wolof 16%. jola 10%. serahuli 9%. other 4%). non-african 1%
religions:
muslim 90%. christian 9%. indigenous beliefs 1%
languages:
english (official). mandinka. wolof. fula. other indigenous vernaculars
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 40.1% male: 47.8% female: 32.8% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: republic of the gambia conventional short form: the gambia
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