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location:
southwestern europe. bordering the bay of biscay. mediterranean sea. north atlantic ocean. and pyrenees mountains. southwest of france
geographic coordinates:
40 00 n. 4 00 w
map references:
europe
area:
total: 504.782 sq km land: 499.542 sq km water: 5.240 sq km note: there are 2 autonomous cities - ceuta and melilla - and 17 autonomous communities including balearic islands and canary islands. and three small spanish possessions off the coast of morocco - islas chafarinas. penon de alhucemas. and penon de velez de la gomera
area - comparative:
slightly more than twice the size of oregon
land boundaries:
total: 1.917.8 km border countries: andorra 63.7 km. france 623 km. gibraltar 1.2 km. portugal 1.214 km. morocco (ceuta) 6.3 km. morocco (melilla) 9.6 km
coastline:
4.964 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm (applies only to the atlantic ocean)
climate:
temperate; clear. hot summers in interior. more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy. cold winters in interior. partly cloudy and cool along coast
terrain:
large. flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; pyrenees in north
elevation extremes:
lowest point: atlantic ocean 0 m highest point: pico de teide (tenerife) on canary islands 3.718 m
natural resources:
coal. lignite. iron ore. copper. lead. zinc. uranium. tungsten. mercury. pyrites. magnesite. fluorspar. gypsum. sepiolite. kaolin. potash. hydropower. arable land
land use:
arable land: 26.07% permanent crops: 9.87% other: 64.06% (2001)
irrigated land:
36.400 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
periodic droughts
environment - current issues:
pollution of the mediterranean sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification
environment - international agreements:
party to: air pollution. air pollution-nitrogen oxides. air pollution-sulfur 94. air pollution-volatile organic compounds. antarctic-environmental protocol. antarctic-marine living resources. antarctic treaty. biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. environmental modification. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. marine dumping. marine life conservation. ozone layer protection. ship pollution. tropical timber 83. tropical timber 94. wetlands. whaling signed. but not ratified: air pollution-persistent organic pollutants
geography - note:
strategic location along approaches to strait of gibraltar
population:
40.341.462 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 14.4% (male 2.994.124/female 2.815.456) 15-64 years: 68% (male 13.762.281/female 13.664.762) 65 years and over: 17.6% (male 2.965.859/female 4.138.980) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 39.51 years male: 38.18 years female: 40.93 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
0.15% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
10.1 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
9.63 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
0.99 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 4.42 deaths/1.000 live births male: 4.82 deaths/1.000 live births female: 4 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 79.52 years male: 76.18 years female: 83.08 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
1.28 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
0.7% (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
140.000 (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
less than 1.000 (2003 est.)
nationality:
noun: spaniard(s) adjective: spanish
ethnic groups:
composite of mediterranean and nordic types
religions:
roman catholic 94%. other 6%
languages:
castilian spanish 74%. catalan 17%. galician 7%. basque 2%; note - castilian is the official language nationwide; the other languages are official regionally
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.9% male: 98.7% female: 97.2% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: kingdom of spain conventional short form: spain local short form: espana
government type:
parliamentary monarchy
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