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location:
middle america. bordering the caribbean sea and the gulf of mexico. between belize and the us and bordering the north pacific ocean. between guatemala and the us
geographic coordinates:
23 00 n. 102 00 w
map references:
north america
area:
total: 1.972.550 sq km land: 1.923.040 sq km water: 49.510 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly less than three times the size of texas
land boundaries:
total: 4.353 km border countries: belize 250 km. guatemala 962 km. us 3.141 km
coastline:
9.330 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
climate:
varies from tropical to desert
terrain:
high. rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert
elevation extremes:
lowest point: laguna salada -10 m highest point: volcan pico de orizaba 5.700 m
natural resources:
petroleum. silver. copper. gold. lead. zinc. natural gas. timber
land use:
arable land: 12.99% permanent crops: 1.31% other: 85.7% (2001)
irrigated land:
65.000 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
tsunamis along the pacific coast. volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south. and hurricanes on the pacific. gulf of mexico. and caribbean coasts
environment - current issues:
scarcity of hazardous waste disposal facilities; rural to urban migration; natural fresh water resources scarce and polluted in north. inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast; raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas; deforestation; widespread erosion; desertification; deteriorating agricultural lands; serious air and water pollution in the national capital and urban centers along us-mexico border; land subsidence in valley of mexico caused by groundwater depletion note: the government considers the lack of clean water and deforestation national security issues
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. marine dumping. marine life conservation. ozone layer protection. ship pollution. wetlands. whaling signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
strategic location on southern border of us; corn (maize). one of the world's major grain crops. is thought to have originated in mexico
population:
106.202.903 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 31.1% (male 16.844.400/female 16.159.511) 15-64 years: 63.3% (male 32.521.043/female 34.704.093) 65 years and over: 5.6% (male 2.715.010/female 3.258.846) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 24.93 years male: 24.04 years female: 25.85 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
1.17% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
21.01 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
4.73 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
-4.57 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 20.91 deaths/1.000 live births male: 22.85 deaths/1.000 live births female: 18.88 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 75.19 years male: 72.42 years female: 78.1 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
2.45 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
0.3% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
160.000 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
5.000 (2003 est.)
nationality:
noun: mexican(s) adjective: mexican
ethnic groups:
mestizo (amerindian-spanish) 60%. amerindian or predominantly amerindian 30%. white 9%. other 1%
religions:
nominally roman catholic 89%. protestant 6%. other 5%
languages:
spanish. various mayan. nahuatl. and other regional indigenous languages
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.2% male: 94% female: 90.5% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: united mexican states conventional short form: mexico local long form: estados unidos mexicanos local short form: mexico
government type:
federal republic
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