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location:
eastern africa. bordering the gulf of aden and the red sea. between eritrea and somalia
geographic coordinates:
11 30 n. 43 00 e
map references:
africa
area:
total: 23.000 sq km land: 22.980 sq km water: 20 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly smaller than massachusetts
land boundaries:
total: 516 km border countries: eritrea 109 km. ethiopia 349 km. somalia 58 km
coastline:
314 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
climate:
desert; torrid. dry
terrain:
coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains
elevation extremes:
lowest point: lac assal -155 m highest point: moussa ali 2.028 m
natural resources:
geothermal areas. gold. clay. granite. limestone. marble. salt. diatomite. gypsum. pumice. petroleum
land use:
arable land: 0.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.96% (2001)
irrigated land:
10 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the indian ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods
environment - current issues:
inadequate supplies of potable water; limited arable land; desertification; endangered species
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. ship pollution signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into ethiopia; mostly wasteland; lac assal (lake assal) is the lowest point in africa
population:
476.703 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 43.3% (male 103.516/female 102.860) 15-64 years: 53.5% (male 133.168/female 121.823) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 7.748/female 7.588) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 18.23 years male: 18.77 years female: 17.69 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
2.06% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
39.98 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
19.39 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 104.13 deaths/1.000 live births male: 111.82 deaths/1.000 live births female: 96.21 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 43.1 years male: 41.84 years female: 44.39 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
5.4 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
2.9% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
9.100 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
690 (2003 est.)
major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea. hepatitis a and e. and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
nationality:
noun: djiboutian(s) adjective: djiboutian
ethnic groups:
somali 60%. afar 35%. french. arab. ethiopian. and italian 5%
religions:
muslim 94%. christian 6%
languages:
french (official). arabic (official). somali. afar
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 67.9% male: 78% female: 58.4% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: republic of djibouti conventional short form: djibouti former: french territory of the afars and issas. french somaliland
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