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location:
southeastern asia. bordering the andaman sea and the bay of bengal. between bangladesh and thailand
geographic coordinates:
22 00 n. 98 00 e
map references:
southeast asia
area:
total: 678.500 sq km land: 657.740 sq km water: 20.760 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly smaller than texas
land boundaries:
total: 5.876 km border countries: bangladesh 193 km. china 2.185 km. india 1.463 km. laos 235 km. thailand 1.800 km
coastline:
1.930 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
climate:
tropical monsoon; cloudy. rainy. hot. humid summers (southwest monsoon. june to september); less cloudy. scant rainfall. mild temperatures. lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon. december to april)
terrain:
central lowlands ringed by steep. rugged highlands
elevation extremes:
lowest point: andaman sea 0 m highest point: hkakabo razi 5.881 m
natural resources:
petroleum. timber. tin. antimony. zinc. copper. tungsten. lead. coal. some marble. limestone. precious stones. natural gas. hydropower
land use:
arable land: 15.19% permanent crops: 0.97% other: 83.84% (2001)
irrigated land:
15.920 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (june to september); periodic droughts
environment - current issues:
deforestation; industrial pollution of air. soil. and water; inadequate sanitation and water treatment contribute to disease
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. ship pollution. tropical timber 83. tropical timber 94 signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
strategic location near major indian ocean shipping lanes
population:
42.909.464 note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to aids; this can result in lower life expectancy. higher infant mortality and death rates. lower population growth rates. and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 27.2% (male 5.967.487/female 5.717.795) 15-64 years: 67.8% (male 14.448.887/female 14.641.419) 65 years and over: 5% (male 939.092/female 1.194.784) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 26.14 years male: 25.57 years female: 26.72 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
0.42% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
18.11 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
12.15 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
-1.8 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 67.24 deaths/1.000 live births male: 73.11 deaths/1.000 live births female: 61.03 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 60.7 years male: 57.8 years female: 63.78 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
2.01 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
1.2% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
330.000 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
20.000 (2003 est.)
major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea. hepatitis a. and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria are high risks in some locations (2004)
nationality:
noun: burmese (singular and plural) adjective: burmese
ethnic groups:
burman 68%. shan 9%. karen 7%. rakhine 4%. chinese 3%. indian 2%. mon 2%. other 5%
religions:
buddhist 89%. christian 4% (baptist 3%. roman catholic 1%). muslim 4%. animist 1%. other 2%
languages:
burmese. minority ethnic groups have their own languages
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 85.3% male: 89.2% female: 81.4% (2002)
country name:
conventional long form: union of burma conventional short form: burma local long form: pyidaungzu myanma naingngandaw (translated by the us government as union of myanma and by the burmese as union of myanmar) local short form: myanma naingngandaw former: socialist republic of the union of burma note: since 1989 the military authorities in burma have promoted the name myanmar as a conventional name for their state; this decision was not approved by any sitting legislature in burma. and the us government did not adopt the name. which is a derivative of the burmese short-form name myanma naingngandaw
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