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location:
southeastern europe. bordering the black sea. between romania and turkey
geographic coordinates:
43 00 n. 25 00 e
map references:
europe
area:
total: 110.910 sq km land: 110.550 sq km water: 360 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly larger than tennessee
land boundaries:
total: 1.808 km border countries: greece 494 km. macedonia 148 km. romania 608 km. serbia and montenegro 318 km. turkey 240 km
coastline:
354 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
climate:
temperate; cold. damp winters; hot. dry summers
terrain:
mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
elevation extremes:
lowest point: black sea 0 m highest point: musala 2.925 m
natural resources:
bauxite. copper. lead. zinc. coal. timber. arable land
land use:
arable land: 40.02% permanent crops: 1.92% other: 58.06% (2001)
irrigated land:
8.000 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
earthquakes. landslides
environment - current issues:
air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage. heavy metals. detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes
environment - international agreements:
party to: air pollution. air pollution-nitrogen oxides. air pollution-persistent organic pollutants. air pollution-sulfur 85. air pollution-volatile organic compounds. antarctic-environmental protocol. antarctic-marine living resources. antarctic treaty. biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. environmental modification. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. ship pollution. wetlands signed. but not ratified: air pollution-sulfur 94
geography - note:
strategic location near turkish straits; controls key land routes from europe to middle east and asia
population:
7.450.349 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 14.1% (male 539.005/female 512.762) 15-64 years: 68.7% (male 2.516.368/female 2.599.524) 65 years and over: 17.2% (male 531.008/female 751.682) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 40.66 years male: 38.59 years female: 42.66 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
-0.89% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
9.66 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
14.26 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
-4.3 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 20.55 deaths/1.000 live births male: 24.31 deaths/1.000 live births female: 16.56 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 72.03 years male: 68.41 years female: 75.87 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
1.38 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
less than 0.1% - note - no country specific models provided (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
346 (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
100 (2001 est.)
nationality:
noun: bulgarian(s) adjective: bulgarian
ethnic groups:
bulgarian 83.9%. turk 9.4%. roma 4.7%. other 2% (including macedonian. armenian. tatar. circassian) (2001 census)
religions:
bulgarian orthodox 82.6%. muslim 12.2%. other christian 1.2%. other 4% (2001 census)
languages:
bulgarian 84.5%. turkish 9.6%. roma 4.1%. other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 99.1% female: 98.2% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: republic of bulgaria conventional short form: bulgaria
government type:
parliamentary democracy
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