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location:
southern africa. north of south africa
geographic coordinates:
22 00 s. 24 00 e
map references:
africa
area:
total: 600.370 sq km land: 585.370 sq km water: 15.000 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly smaller than texas
land boundaries:
total: 4.013 km border countries: namibia 1.360 km. south africa 1.840 km. zimbabwe 813 km
coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
climate:
semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
terrain:
predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; kalahari desert in southwest
elevation extremes:
lowest point: junction of the limpopo and shashe rivers 513 m highest point: tsodilo hills 1.489 m
natural resources:
diamonds. copper. nickel. salt. soda ash. potash. coal. iron ore. silver
land use:
arable land: 0.65% permanent crops: 0.01% other: 99.34% (2001)
irrigated land:
10 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
periodic droughts; seasonal august winds blow from the west. carrying sand and dust across the country. which can obscure visibility
environment - current issues:
overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. endangered species. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. wetlands signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
population:
1.640.115 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to aids; this can result in lower life expectancy. higher infant mortality and death rates. lower population and growth rates. and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 38.8% (male 322.916/female 312.735) 15-64 years: 57.5% (male 455.183/female 487.236) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 23.914/female 38.131) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 19.29 years male: 18.64 years female: 19.93 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
0% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
23.33 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
29.36 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
6.07 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 54.58 deaths/1.000 live births male: 55.97 deaths/1.000 live births female: 53.14 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 33.87 years male: 33.89 years female: 33.84 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
2.85 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
37.3% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
350.000 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
33.000 (2003 est.)
major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea. hepatitis a. and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria (2004)
nationality:
noun: motswana (singular). batswana (plural) adjective: motswana (singular). batswana (plural)
ethnic groups:
tswana (or setswana) 79%. kalanga 11%. basarwa 3%. other. including kgalagadi and white 7%
religions:
christian 71.6%. badimo 6%. other 1.4%. unspecified 0.4%. none 20.6% (2001 census)
languages:
setswana 78.2%. kalanga 7.9%. sekgalagadi 2.8%. english 2.1% (official). other 8.6%. unspecified 0.4% (2001 census)
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.8% male: 76.9% female: 82.4% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: republic of botswana conventional short form: botswana former: bechuanaland
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