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location:
southern asia. between china and india
geographic coordinates:
27 30 n. 90 30 e
map references:
asia
area:
total: 47.000 sq km land: 47.000 sq km water: 0 sq km
area - comparative:
about half the size of indiana
land boundaries:
total: 1.075 km border countries: china 470 km. india 605 km
coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
climate:
varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in himalayas
terrain:
mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna
elevation extremes:
lowest point: drangme chhu 97 m highest point: kula kangri 7.553 m
natural resources:
timber. hydropower. gypsum. calcium carbonate
land use:
arable land: 3.09% permanent crops: 0.43% other: 96.48% (2001)
irrigated land:
400 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
violent storms from the himalayas are the source of the country's name which translates as land of the thunder dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season
environment - current issues:
soil erosion; limited access to potable water
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. endangered species. hazardous wastes signed. but not ratified: law of the sea
geography - note:
landlocked; strategic location between china and india; controls several key himalayan mountain passes
population:
2.232.291 note: other estimates range as low as 810.000 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 39.1% (male 452.213/female 420.675) 15-64 years: 56.9% (male 654.109/female 615.431) 65 years and over: 4% (male 45.281/female 44.582) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 20.27 years male: 20.11 years female: 20.44 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
2.11% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
34.03 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
12.94 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 100.44 deaths/1.000 live births male: 98.19 deaths/1.000 live births female: 102.81 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 54.39 years male: 54.65 years female: 54.11 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
4.81 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
less than 100 (1999 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
na
nationality:
noun: bhutanese (singular and plural) adjective: bhutanese
ethnic groups:
bhote 50%. ethnic nepalese 35% (includes lhotsampas - one of several nepalese ethnic groups). indigenous or migrant tribes 15%
religions:
lamaistic buddhist 75%. indian- and nepalese-influenced hinduism 25%
languages:
dzongkha (official). bhotes speak various tibetan dialects. nepalese speak various nepalese dialects
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 42.2% male: 56.2% female: 28.1% (1995 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: kingdom of bhutan conventional short form: bhutan
government type:
monarchy; special treaty relationship with india
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