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location:
middle east. archipelago in the persian gulf. east of saudi arabia
geographic coordinates:
26 00 n. 50 33 e
map references:
middle east
area:
total: 665 sq km land: 665 sq km water: 0 sq km
area - comparative:
3.5 times the size of washington. dc
land boundaries:
0 km
coastline:
161 km
maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined
climate:
arid; mild. pleasant winters; very hot. humid summers
terrain:
mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment
elevation extremes:
lowest point: persian gulf 0 m highest point: jabal ad dukhan 122 m
natural resources:
oil. associated and nonassociated natural gas. fish. pearls
land use:
arable land: 2.82% permanent crops: 5.63% other: 91.55% (2001)
irrigated land:
50 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
periodic droughts; dust storms
environment - current issues:
desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land. periods of drought. and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines. coral reefs. and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers. oil refineries. and distribution stations; lack of freshwater resources. groundwater and seawater are the only sources for all water needs
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. desertification. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. wetlands signed. but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
geography - note:
close to primary middle eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in persian gulf. through which much of the western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean
population:
688.345 note: includes 235.108 non-nationals (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 27.8% (male 96.807/female 94.863) 15-64 years: 68.7% (male 275.792/female 197.424) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 12.078/female 11.381) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 29.19 years male: 32.16 years female: 25.54 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
1.51% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
18.1 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
4.08 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
1.04 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.4 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.06 male(s)/female total population: 1.27 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 17.27 deaths/1.000 live births male: 20.17 deaths/1.000 live births female: 14.28 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 74.23 years male: 71.76 years female: 76.78 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
2.63 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
0.2% (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
less than 600 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
less than 200 (2003 est.)
nationality:
noun: bahraini(s) adjective: bahraini
ethnic groups:
bahraini 62.4%. non-bahraini 37.6% (2001 census)
religions:
muslim (shi'a and sunni) 81.2%. christian 9%. other 9.8% (2001 census)
languages:
arabic. english. farsi. urdu
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89.1% male: 91.9% female: 85% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: kingdom of bahrain conventional short form: bahrain local long form: mamlakat al bahrayn local short form: al bahrayn former: dilmun
government type:
constitutional hereditary monarchy
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