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location:
southwestern asia. east of turkey
geographic coordinates:
40 00 n. 45 00 e
map references:
asia
area:
total: 29.800 sq km land: 28.400 sq km water: 1.400 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly smaller than maryland
land boundaries:
total: 1.254 km border countries: azerbaijan-proper 566 km. azerbaijan-naxcivan exclave 221 km. georgia 164 km. iran 35 km. turkey 268 km
coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
climate:
highland continental. hot summers. cold winters
terrain:
armenian highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in aras river valley
elevation extremes:
lowest point: debed river 400 m highest point: aragats lerrnagagat' 4.090 m
natural resources:
small deposits of gold. copper. molybdenum. zinc. alumina
land use:
arable land: 17.55% permanent crops: 2.3% other: 80.15% (2001)
irrigated land:
2.870 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts
environment - current issues:
soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as ddt; the energy crisis of the 1990s led to deforestation when citizens scavenged for firewood; pollution of hrazdan (razdan) and aras rivers; the draining of sevana lich (lake sevan). a result of its use as a source for hydropower. threatens drinking water supplies; restart of metsamor nuclear power plant in spite of its location in a seismically active zone
environment - international agreements:
party to: air pollution. biodiversity. climate change. climate change-kyoto protocol. desertification. hazardous wastes. law of the sea. ozone layer protection. wetlands signed. but not ratified: air pollution-persistent organic pollutants
geography - note:
landlocked in the lesser caucasus mountains; sevana lich (lake sevan) is the largest lake in this mountain range
population:
2.982.904 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 21.6% (male 339.453/female 305.214) 15-64 years: 67.5% (male 938.734/female 1.074.240) 65 years and over: 10.9% (male 131.519/female 193.744) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 30.07 years male: 27.45 years female: 32.84 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
-0.25% (2005 est.)
birth rate:
11.76 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
8.16 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
-6.1 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.17 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.87 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 23.28 deaths/1.000 live births male: 28.51 deaths/1.000 live births female: 17.13 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 71.55 years male: 67.97 years female: 75.75 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
1.32 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
2.600 (2003 est.)
hiv/aids - deaths:
less than 200 (2003 est.)
nationality:
noun: armenian(s) adjective: armenian
ethnic groups:
armenian 97.9%. yezidi (kurd) 1.3%. russian 0.5%. other 0.3% (2001 census)
religions:
armenian apostolic 94.7%. other christian 4%. yezidi (monotheist with elements of nature worship) 1.3%
languages:
armenian 97.7%. yezidi 1%. russian 0.9%. other 0.4% (2001 census)
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 99.4% female: 98% (2003 est.)
country name:
conventional long form: republic of armenia conventional short form: armenia local long form: hayastani hanrapetut'yun local short form: hayastan former: armenian soviet socialist republic; armenian republic
government type:
republic
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