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location:
southern asia. north and west of pakistan. east of iran
geographic coordinates:
33 00 n. 65 00 e
map references:
asia
area:
total: 647.500 sq km land: 647.500 sq km water: 0 sq km
area - comparative:
slightly smaller than texas
land boundaries:
total: 5.529 km border countries: china 76 km. iran 936 km. pakistan 2.430 km. tajikistan 1.206 km. turkmenistan 744 km. uzbekistan 137 km
coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
climate:
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers
terrain:
mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest
elevation extremes:
lowest point: amu darya 258 m highest point: nowshak 7.485 m
natural resources:
natural gas. petroleum. coal. copper. chromite. talc. barites. sulfur. lead. zinc. iron ore. salt. precious and semiprecious stones
land use:
arable land: 12.13% permanent crops: 0.22% other: 87.65% (2001)
irrigated land:
23.860 sq km (1998 est.)
natural hazards:
damaging earthquakes occur in hindu kush mountains; flooding; droughts
environment - current issues:
limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil degradation; overgrazing; deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials); desertification; air and water pollution
environment - international agreements:
party to: biodiversity. climate change. desertification. endangered species. environmental modification. marine dumping signed. but not ratified: hazardous wastes. law of the sea. marine life conservation
geography - note:
landlocked; the hindu kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern vakhan (wakhan corridor)
population:
29.928.987 (july 2005 est.)
age structure:
0-14 years: 44.7% (male 6.842.857/female 6.524.485) 15-64 years: 52.9% (male 8.124.077/female 7.713.603) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 353.193/female 370.772) (2005 est.)
median age:
total: 17.56 years male: 17.55 years female: 17.57 years (2005 est.)
population growth rate:
4.77% note: this rate does not take into consideration the recent war and its continuing impact (2005 est.)
birth rate:
47.02 births/1.000 population (2005 est.)
death rate:
20.75 deaths/1.000 population (2005 est.)
net migration rate:
21.43 migrant(s)/1.000 population (2005 est.)
sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
infant mortality rate:
total: 163.07 deaths/1.000 live births male: 167.79 deaths/1.000 live births female: 158.12 deaths/1.000 live births (2005 est.)
life expectancy at birth:
total population: 42.9 years male: 42.71 years female: 43.1 years (2005 est.)
total fertility rate:
6.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)
hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate:
0.01% (2001 est.)
hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids:
na
hiv/aids - deaths:
na
major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea. hepatitis a. and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria is a high risk countrywide below 2.000 meters from march through november animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
nationality:
noun: afghan(s) adjective: afghan
ethnic groups:
pashtun 42%. tajik 27%. hazara 9%. uzbek 9%. aimak 4%. turkmen 3%. baloch 2%. other 4%
religions:
sunni muslim 80%. shi'a muslim 19%. other 1%
languages:
afghan persian or dari (official) 50%. pashtu (official) 35%. turkic languages (primarily uzbek and turkmen) 11%. 30 minor languages (primarily balochi and pashai) 4%. much bilingualism
literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 36% male: 51% female: 21% (1999 est.)
people - note:
of the estimated 4 million refugees in october 2001. 2.3 million have returned
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